British engineering geologist who accepted the rainfall reading of the Great Sphinx enclosure and reached a different date from it. His papers, “A Geomorphological Study of the Giza Necropolis” in Archaeometry 43(1), 2001, and “Giza Before the Fourth Dynasty” in the Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum 9, 2002, put the excavation in the early dynastic period, a few centuries before Khafre rather than seven thousand years.
Why the position matters
He is the middle case the dispute mostly lacks: he agrees the rock records rainfall and disagrees about how much time that buys. Origins of the Sphinx presents him as a corroborating geologist and Bauval’s chapter one says he “stayed safely within the accepted dynastic period”, as if a different conclusion from the same rock were a failure of nerve. Read straight, his result narrows the question rather than settling it either way.
Connections
Great Sphinx · Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis · Khafre · Origins of the Sphinx · Robert Schoch · 1991 Sphinx Seismic Survey