A dating method that reads how long a mineral surface has been buried by measuring the luminescence signal accumulated since it last saw daylight. Its governing limitation is also what makes it contestable in archaeology: a few minutes of sunlight resets the clock, so a date records the last exposure rather than the first.
The Giza dates
Ioannis Liritzis and Asimina Vafiadou applied it to Egyptian monuments in “Surface Luminescence Dating of Some Egyptian Monuments”, Journal of Cultural Heritage 16(2), 2015. The six dates reprinted in Origins of the Sphinx chapter seven are 1050 plus or minus 540, 2220 plus or minus 220, 2740 plus or minus 640, 3060 plus or minus 470 and 3100 plus or minus 540 BCE, with one granite sample at plus or minus 340. The spread runs from about 3100 down to 1050 BCE, and the results were published as dates for the stonework of the Valley Temple and Sphinx Temple.
The reinterpretation
Schoch reads them as dating reworking rather than building, on the ground that a resurfaced or reset stone gives the later date. The move is legitimate in principle, and it would absorb any luminescence result whatever, which is the reason to keep the two readings side by side rather than to prefer one.
Connections
Origins of the Sphinx · Valley Temple and Sphinx Temple · Robert Schoch · Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis · Great Sphinx