signals/periphery
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SIGNAL
Verifiability

Sources.

This site works from primary material, and this page is the shelf it all sits on: the government releases, the long-form interviews and the books that everything else here cites, with the films and series the reading room has covered shelved beside them. If you are new to the subject and want the real thing rather than the rumour mill, start here. Nothing below is paywalled, and wherever an original is public, it is linked. Watch the sources yourself first, then read what we make of them.

01

Government document releases

PURSUE Release 01

US Department of War, published 8 May 2026

The Presidential Unsealing and Reporting System for UAP Encounters. The first batch of declassified UAP files, around 160 documents spanning the 1940s to 2026. An interagency release: War Department, ODNI, Energy, AARO, NASA and FBI. This release is the basis of the site's Document Briefings.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 02

US Department of War, published 22 May 2026

The second tranche of declassified UAP records: 64 in all. 51 are video clips, numbered PR050 to PR099, located after eight members of Congress requested access on 6 March 2026; the rest are the first CIA, ODNI and Department of Energy documents to appear in PURSUE, the Sandia file DOW-UAP-D017, and seven NASA audio excerpts. Carries a chain-of-custody caveat: many files lack a substantiated provenance, and uploader-assigned titles are not verified. The Document Briefings series covers this release alongside Release 01.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 03

US Department of War, published 12 June 2026

The third tranche of declassified UAP records: 53 documents, 10 images and digital renderings, six videos and three NASA audio recordings, drawn from the CIA, FBI, NASA and the Department of War and spanning the 1940s to 2026. The CIA and NASA material is largely historical, taking in the Robertson Panel, Project Blue Book Special Report No. 14, the U-2 and OXCART overflights, and the Gemini astronaut debriefings. The Document Briefings series covers this release's documents alongside Releases 01 and 02; its video and audio records are not yet covered there.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 04

US Department of War, published 10 July 2026

The fourth tranche of declassified UAP records: 40 records spanning 1948 to 2025, drawing on Department of War, CIA, NASA, Department of Energy and FBI material. The written records take in the 1948-49 Air Intelligence Study 203, the 1949 Los Alamos green-fireball conference, the Avro saucer file, Project Blue Book's correspondence, and the Apollo debriefing tapes and STS-80 frames; the video records cover an Indo-Pacific cluster, US-homeland clips and a 1996 tape. The Document Briefings series covers all 40 records, briefing by briefing.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 05

US Department of War, published 7 August 2026

The fifth tranche of declassified UAP records: 41 records, being 21 documents, 4 images and 16 videos, spanning 1947 to 2026. It is the first release to carry an Executive Office of the President record and the first with State Department cables under a DOS prefix, alongside Department of War, CIA and FBI material. The written records take in the 1947-48 Headquarters USAF flying-disc file with the Twining letter, the Navy's 1953 analysis of the Utah and Montana films, the 1947 ghost-rockets intelligence review, the 1964 Puerto Rico radar contacts, the diplomatic paper trail of the 1963 Conde, Brazil case, and nine FBI FD-302 interviews spanning 2002 to 2026; the videos cover six AC-130 clips from the Gulf of Oman, five Pacific clips from 2019 and four CENTCOM clips. The Document Briefings series covers all 41 records, briefing by briefing.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 06

US Department of War, published 18 September 2026

The sixth tranche of declassified UAP records: 72 records, being 54 documents, two stills and 16 video files, one of them a 65-minute audio recording. It opens a new prefix, LLE-UAP, for material from local law enforcement in Colorado; every other record is Department of War. The written records take in the Project Blue Book file on the Tremonton film of 2 July 1952, Delbert C. Newhouse's Navy personnel record, the Headquarters USAF flying-discs file for September to December 1952, the transcript of Captain Edward J. Ruppelt's 1952 presentation, four mission reports from Iraq and the Middle East in 2022 and 2025, and the AAWSAP contract file with 37 Defense Intelligence Reference Documents (DIRDs); the videos cover the Tremonton film itself, the recording of the Ruppelt presentation, ten sensor clips from the Middle East, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, and four Colorado clips from 2023. The Document Briefings series covers all 72 records.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗

PURSUE Release 07

US Department of War, published 23 October 2026

The seventh tranche of declassified UAP records: 28 records, all of them PDFs, running to 1,139 pages, with no video, image or audio record. The Department of War records run from DOW-UAP-D155 to DOW-UAP-D181, with D165 and D172 absent and no reason given; the other three are FBI-UAP-D043, USG-UAP-D002 and EOP-UAP-D002. The records take in fourteen Air Force reports of 1949 to 1957, four of them on lights and objects reported over or near Catalina Island, the personnel file of Howard M. McCoy, an interagency file of 1962 to 1964 on space fragments with a 1963 memorandum, nine BAASS records of 2008 to 2010, among them four monthly reports of 2009, the Utah ranch investigation report and a capabilities report, and a 2026 AARO memorandum paired with an FBI FD-302 that holds nine images. The Document Briefings series covers all 28 records.

Original files: war.gov/ufo ↗
02

Source videos

UFO Roundtable: Former CIA Scientist Proves Aliens Exist!

Dr. Hal Puthoff & Dan Farah (host Steven Bartlett)

Published 14 May 2026 · 1h 27m

Watch on YouTube ↗

Bob Lazar Tells Me Everything, DEBRIEFED ep. 83

Bob Lazar (host Chris Ramsay)

Published 10 Apr 2026 · 2h 0m

Watch on YouTube ↗

Ex-Pentagon Official: The U.S Isn't Telling The Truth!

Luis Elizondo (host Steven Bartlett)

Published 31 Oct 2024 · 1h 34m

Watch on YouTube ↗

He Gets UFOs To Show Up 100% Of The Time

James Fowler (host Jesse Michels)

Published 16 Feb 2026 · 36m

Watch on YouTube ↗
03

Transcripts

04

Cross-reference articles

05

Books

  • Liu, C., The Three-Body Problem (Chongqing Publishing Group, 2008; trans. Ken Liu, Tor Books, 2014; Head of Zeus paperback, 2024), the novel that stages first contact as a switch thrown by one woman at a Chinese listening post · Read review →
  • Schoch, R. M. and Bauval, R., Origins of the Sphinx: Celestial Guardian of Pre-Pharaonic Civilization (Inner Traditions, 2017), the geologist's half and the engineer's half of the case for redating the Sphinx · Read review →
  • Elizondo, L., Imminent: Inside the Pentagon's Hunt for UFOs (William Morrow, 2024; John Blake, 2024), the memoir of the officer who says he ran what remained of AATIP and took the Navy videos public · Read source note →
  • Sitchin, Z., The Wars of Gods and Men (Avon, 1985; Bear & Company, 1992), the third Earth Chronicles volume, the narrative of the Pyramid Wars and the strike on the Sinai · Read source note →
  • Cook, N., The Hunt for Zero Point (Broadway Books, 2002), the Jane's Defence Weekly editor's decade-long investigation of antigravity and the black world · Read review →
  • Weir, A., Project Hail Mary (Ballantine Books, 2021; Penguin paperback, 2022), the novel that stages first contact as a physics problem · Read review →
  • Corso, P. J. with Birnes, W. J., The Day After Roswell (Pocket Books, 1997; Gallery Books, 2017), the memoir that founded the reverse-engineering frame · Read source note →
  • Lynn, H., The Anunnaki Connection: Sumerian Gods, Alien DNA & the Fate of Humanity (New Page Books, 2020), the Anunnaki-as-human-elite thesis · Read source note →
  • Sitchin, Z., The Anunnaki Chronicles: A Zecharia Sitchin Reader (edited by Janet Sitchin, Bear & Company, 2015), the posthumous anthology of the ancient-astronaut thesis · Read source note →
  • Vallée, J., The Invisible College (E. P. Dutton, 1975; Anomalist Books reprint, 2014), where the control system hypothesis was first laid down · Read review →
  • Dunn, C. P., The Giza Power Plant: Technologies of Ancient Egypt (Bear & Company, 1998), the book whose central claims the King's Chamber Resonance and Core No. 7 benches test · Read source note →
  • Hancock, G., Fingerprints of the Gods: The Evidence of Earth's Lost Civilization (Crown Publishers, 1995), the book whose central claim the Precession & the Orion Correlation instrument tests · Read source note →
  • LaViolette, P. A., Secrets of Antigravity Propulsion: Tesla, UFOs, and Classified Aerospace Technology (Bear & Company, 2008), the book the Electrogravitics instrument is built from · Read source note →
  • Jorjani, J. R., Closer Encounters (Arktos Media, 2021) · Read review →
  • Coulthart, R., In Plain Sight: An Investigation into UFOs and Impossible Science (HarperCollins Australia, 2021) · Read source note →
  • Virk, R., The Simulation Hypothesis (Tarcher / Penguin Random House, 2025), second edition · Read review →
  • Vallée, J. F., Forbidden Science 7: Final Report. The Journals of Jacques Vallée, 2020-2025 (Anomalist Books, 2026) · Read source note →
  • Lacatski, J. T., Inside the U.S. Government Covert UFO Program: Future Visions (RTMA, 2026), the final AAWSAP book · Read source note →
  • Sitchin, Z., The 12th Planet (Stein and Day, 1976), the book whose orbit, gold motive and Celestial Battle the Nibiru, Gold Shield and Tiamat Collision benches price
  • Hapgood, C. H., Earth's Shifting Crust (Pantheon Books, 1958, with Einstein's foreword) and The Path of the Pole (Chilton, 1970), the two statements of the claim the Earth's Shifting Crust bench runs at face value
  • Hapgood, C. H., Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings: Evidence of Advanced Civilization in the Ice Age (Chilton, 1966), the book whose projection claim the Piri Reis Map bench rebuilds
  • Bauval, R. & Gilbert, A., The Orion Mystery: Unlocking the Secrets of the Pyramids (Heinemann, 1994), where the Giza-Orion claim was first argued at length
  • Lacatski / Kelleher / Knapp, Skinwalkers at the Pentagon (RTMA, 2021)
  • Agoston, T., Blunder! How the U.S. Gave Away Nazi Supersecrets to Russia (Dodd, Mead, 1985), the sole source chain for the Kammlerstab, traced in the Hunt for Zero Point review
  • Aveni, A. F., Between the Lines: The Mystery of the Giant Ground Drawings of Ancient Nasca, Peru (University of Texas Press, 2000), the clearing experiment and the ray-centre counts the Nazca Construction Bench runs, also cited in the Fingerprints of the Gods note · Open the bench →
  • Chalmers, D. J., Reality+: Virtual Worlds and the Problems of Philosophy (W. W. Norton, 2022), the case that simulated worlds are real worlds, carried by the Rendering Engine bench and the Simulation Hypothesis review · Open the bench →
  • Condon, E. U. (dir.), Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects (Bantam Books, 1969; E. P. Dutton, 1969), the monthly report table the Wave Schedule bench checks cell by cell, and the chapters the Bolide Reentry, Fata Morgana and Ubatuba Magnesium benches read against their cases · Open the bench →
  • de Santillana, G. and von Dechend, H., Hamlet's Mill: An Essay on Myth and the Frame of Time (Gambit, 1969), the precession-myth thesis the Fingerprints of the Gods note traces upstream
  • Dyson, G., Project Orion: The True Story of the Atomic Spaceship (Henry Holt, 2002), the history of the programme the Project Orion bench flies · Open the bench →
  • Fawcett, L. and Greenwood, B. J., Clear Intent: The Government Coverup of the UFO Experience (Prentice-Hall, 1984), where the Nuclear Lure bench takes the 1975 NORAD log extracts and No Smoke, No Flame the retelling that carried the Cuban case into the literature · Open the bench →
  • Fogarty, Q., Let's Hope They're Friendly! (Angus & Robertson, 1982), the reporter on the aircraft in his own words, carried by the Kaikoura Lights bench · Open the bench →
  • Good, T., Above Top Secret: The Worldwide UFO Cover-up (Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987), where the Majestic 12 briefing document was first printed, as the Stranger Things review notes
  • Gray, R. H., The Elusive Wow: Searching for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (Palmer Square Press, 2012), the book-length treatment of the signal and the searches for it that the Wow! Signal bench cites · Open the bench →
  • Hansen, G. P., The Trickster and the Paranormal (Xlibris, 2001), the trickster frame the Stranger Things review works from
  • Hastings, R. L., UFOs and Nukes: Extraordinary Encounters at Nuclear Weapons Sites (AuthorHouse, 2008), the collection of nuclear-site cases the Nuclear Lure bench and the Closer Encounters review draw on · Open the bench →
  • Hendry, A., The UFO Handbook (Doubleday, 1979), the 1,307 cases and the 88.6 per cent identified that the Law of the Times bench prices · Open the bench →
  • Kean, L., UFOs: Generals, Pilots and Government Officials Go on the Record (Harmony Books, 2010), whose De Brouwer chapter supplies the Eupen chronology the Belgian Wave bench runs, also cited in the In Plain Sight note · Open the bench →
  • Knight, C. and Butler, A., Who Built the Moon? (Watkins, 2005), one of the two sources named in Closer Encounters' own footnotes and read by the Hollow Moon bench · Open the bench →
  • Krupp, E. C., Skywatchers, Shamans & Kings: Astronomy and the Archaeology of Power (Wiley, 1997), the longer form of the counter-argument the Precession & the Orion Correlation instrument carries · Open the bench →
  • Lehner, M. and Hawass, Z., Giza and the Pyramids: The Definitive History (Thames & Hudson / University of Chicago Press, 2017), the standard archaeological account the Giza Power Plant note reads against
  • Loeb, A., Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2021), the artifact claim argued at book length, which the ’Oumuamua bench prices · Open the bench →
  • McIntosh, G. C., The Piri Reis Map of 1513 (University of Georgia Press, 2000), the scholarly study the Piri Reis Map instrument reads against Hapgood, also cited in the Fingerprints of the Gods note · Open the bench →
  • Peebles, C., Watch the Skies! A Chronicle of the Flying Saucer Myth (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994), the press and policy context the Washington 1952 bench works in · Open the bench →
  • Pflock, K. T., Roswell: Inconvenient Facts and the Will to Believe (Prometheus Books, 2001), the Corona chronology the Day After Roswell note checks against
  • Rich, B. R. and Janos, L., Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed (Little, Brown, 1994), the Echo 1 line in the Corso Ledger and the concealment argument the Hunt for Zero Point review examines · Open the bench →
  • Ruppelt, E. J., The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects (Doubleday, 1956), Blue Book's own chief on the record, cited by the Kenneth Arnold 1947, Mantell 1948 and Washington 1952 benches and the Lubbock Thirty Degrees a Second Bench · Open the bench →
  • Saler, B., Ziegler, C. A. and Moore, C. B., UFO Crash at Roswell: The Genesis of a Modern Myth (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997), the full trajectory reconstruction and its data tables the Project Mogul bench rebuilds · Open the bench →
  • Schatzkin, P., Defying Gravity: The Parallel Universe of T. Townsend Brown (Incorrigible Arts, 2009), the independent biography the Electrogravitics instrument checks Brown's chronology against · Open the bench →
  • Sitchin, Z., The Stairway to Heaven (St. Martin's Press, 1980; Bear & Company, 1992), the second Earth Chronicles volume, where the Sinai corridor the Landing Corridor bench rebuilds is drawn in full · Open the bench →
  • Startup, B. with Illingworth, N., The Kaikoura UFOs (Hodder and Stoughton, 1980), the captain's own account, carried by the Kaikoura Lights bench · Open the bench →
  • Tallet, P. and Lehner, M., The Red Sea Scrolls: How Ancient Papyri Reveal the Secrets of the Pyramids (Thames & Hudson, 2021), the Wadi al-Jarf logbooks cited in the Giza Power Plant and Wars of Gods and Men notes
  • Thorne, K. S., Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy (W. W. Norton, 1994), the popular account and the Contact phone call the Wormhole bench cites · Open the bench →
  • Tompkins, P., Secrets of the Great Pyramid (Harper & Row, 1971), the book the Giza Power Plant note calls the one that started Dunn on the path
  • Vallée, J. and Vallée, J., Challenge to Science: The UFO Enigma (Henry Regnery, 1966), Vallée's own examination and abandonment of the Mars-opposition correlation, read by the Wave Schedule bench · Open the bench →
  • Vallée, J., Passport to Magonia: From Folklore to Flying Saucers (Henry Regnery, 1969), the second volume of the trilogy the Invisible College review completes
  • Visser, M., Lorentzian Wormholes: From Einstein to Hawking (AIP Press, 1995), the standard reference the Wormhole bench computes from · Open the bench →
  • Ward, P. D. and Brownlee, D., Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe (Copernicus, 2000), the pessimist preset the Drake Equation and Fermi Paradox benches carry · Open the bench →
  • Wilson, D., Our Mysterious Spaceship Moon (Dell, 1975), the other source named in Closer Encounters' own footnotes and read by the Hollow Moon bench · Open the bench →
06

Films, series and anime

  • Ghost in the Shell (dir. Mamoru Oshii, 1995), from Masamune Shirow's manga · Read review →
  • Stranger Things (the Duffer Brothers, Netflix, 2016-2025), five seasons, forty-two episodes · Read review →
  • Annihilation (dir. Alex Garland, 2018), from Jeff VanderMeer's novel · Read review →
  • Dead Dead Demon's Dededede Destruction (dir. Tomoyuki Kurokawa, 2024), from Inio Asano's manga · Read review →
  • Akira (dir. Katsuhiro Otomo, 1988) · Read review →
  • Disclosure Day (dir. Steven Spielberg, 2026) · Read review →
07

Technical / academic

  • Puthoff, H.E. (2010) Advanced Space Propulsion Based on Vacuum (Spacetime Metric) Engineering, DIA DIRD
  • Haisch, Rueda, Puthoff (1994) "Inertia as a zero-point-field Lorentz force" Phys. Rev. A 49:678
  • Puthoff (2002) "Polarizable Vacuum approach to General Relativity" Foundations of Physics 32:927
  • Lomas, Case & Masters (2024) "The Cryptoterrestrial Hypothesis" Philosophy & Cosmology 33
  • AARO (2024) ORNL Synopsis: Analysis of a Metallic Specimen (Mg-Zn-Bi)
  • Targ & Puthoff (1974) "Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding" Nature 251
  • AARO (2024) Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena, Volume I, 8 March 2024
  • Powell, R. et al. / Scientific Coalition for UAP Studies (2019) A Forensic Analysis of Navy Carrier Strike Group Eleven's Encounter with an Anomalous Aerial Vehicle
  • NASA UAP Independent Study Team (2023) Final Report (the GoFast parallax derivation, pp. 28-30)
  • Borden, R. C. & Vickers, T. K. (1953) A Preliminary Study of Unidentified Targets Observed on Air Traffic Control Radars, CAA Technical Development Report No. 180
  • Landauer, R. (1961) "Irreversibility and heat generation in the computing process" IBM J. Res. Dev. 5:183
  • Wheeler, J. A. (1990) "Information, physics, quantum: the search for links"
  • Vopson, M. M. (2019) "The mass-energy-information equivalence principle" AIP Advances 9:095206
  • Gauri, K. L., Sinai, J. J. & Bandyopadhyay, J. K. (1995) "Geologic weathering and its implications on the age of the Sphinx" Geoarchaeology 10(2)
  • Liritzis, I. & Vafiadou, A. (2015) surface luminescence dating of Egyptian monuments, Journal of Cultural Heritage 16(2)
  • Fairall, A. (1999) on the Orion belt angle measured against the Giza layout, Astronomy and Geophysics 40(3)
  • Holliday, V. T. et al. (2023) "Comprehensive refutation of the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis" Earth-Science Reviews 247
  • Petrie, W. M. F. (1883) The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh (the centre-to-centre survey of the plateau)
  • Badawy, A. & Trimble, V. (1964) companion papers on the Great Pyramid's star shafts, Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung 10
  • Bauval, R. (1989) "A Master-Plan for the Three Pyramids of Giza Based on the Configuration of the Three Stars of the Belt of Orion" Discussions in Egyptology 13
  • Krupp, E. C. (1997) "Pyramid Marketing Schemes" Sky & Telescope 93(2)
  • Gantenbrink, R. (1992-93) the Upuaut Project shaft survey, www.cheops.org, archived: web.archive.org/web/2020/http://www.cheops.org/
  • Stocks, D. A. (2003) Experiments in Egyptian Archaeology: Stoneworking Technology in Ancient Egypt, Routledge
  • Craddock, P. T. & Lang, J. (1993) "Gizeh iron revisited" Historical Metallurgy 27(2)
  • Richardson, R. et al. (2013) "The 'Djedi' robot exploration of the southern shaft of the Queen's Chamber" Journal of Field Robotics
  • Dobecki, T. L. & Schoch, R. M. (1992) "Seismic investigations in the vicinity of the Great Sphinx of Giza, Egypt" Geoarchaeology 7(6)
  • Schoch, R. M. (1992) "Redating the Great Sphinx of Giza" KMT 3(2)
  • Reader, C. (2001) "A geomorphological study of the Giza necropolis, with implications for the development of the site" Archaeometry 43(1)
  • Vyse, R. W. H. (1842) Operations Carried On at the Pyramids of Gizeh in 1837, vol. III, Appendix (Birch's note on the large tablet, p. 115)
  • Petrie, W. M. F. (1894) A History of Egypt, vol. I (the granite temple "often misnamed the temple of the Sphinx")
  • Boury, S., Weady, S. & Ristroph, L. (2023) "Sculpting the Sphinx" Physical Review Fluids 8
  • Sperber, R. D., Goodman, D., Lehner, M. & Dash, G. (2024) "Where the Water Disappears: A Ground-Penetrating Radar Survey near the Great Sphinx of Giza" AERAGRAM 25(1-2)
  • Harrell, J. A. (1994) "The Sphinx Controversy: Another Look at the Geological Evidence" KMT 5(2)
  • Reader, C. (2002) "Giza Before the Fourth Dynasty" Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum 9
  • Colman, S. M. & Pierce, K. L. (1981) Weathering Rinds on Andesitic and Basaltic Stones as a Quaternary Age Indicator, Western United States, USGS Professional Paper 1210
  • Kuper, R. & Kröpelin, S. (2006) "Climate-Controlled Holocene Occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa's Evolution" Science 313
  • Butzer, K. W. (1976) Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt: A Study in Cultural Ecology, University of Chicago Press
  • Monticone, F. & Alù, A. (2016) "Invisibility exposed: physical bounds on passive cloaking" Optica 3(7)
  • Craeye, C. & Bhattacharya, A. (2012) "Rule of Thumb for Cloaking Bandwidth Based on a Wave-Packet Argument" IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60(7)
  • Sohl, C., Gustafsson, M. & Kristensson, G. (2007) "Physical limitations on broadband scattering by heterogeneous obstacles" Journal of Physics A 40
  • Inami, M., Kawakami, N. & Tachi, S. (2003) "Optical Camouflage Using Retro-reflective Projection Technology" Proceedings of ISMAR 2003
  • Marshall, J. S. & Palmer, W. McK. (1948) "The Distribution of Raindrops with Size" Journal of Meteorology 5
  • Standish, E. M. "Keplerian Elements for Approximate Positions of the Major Planets" JPL Solar System Dynamics (1800-2050 table)
  • Kardashev, N. S. (1964) "Transmission of Information by Extraterrestrial Civilizations" Soviet Astronomy 8
  • Sagan, C. (1973) The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective, Anchor Press
  • Kervella, P. et al. (2016) "Close stellar conjunctions of α Centauri A and B until 2050" Astronomy & Astrophysics 594
  • Benz, A. O. (2009) "Radio emission of the quiet Sun" Landolt-Börnstein Group VI, Vol. 4B
  • Güdel, M. (2002) "Stellar Radio Astronomy: Probing Stellar Atmospheres from Protostars to Giants" Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 40
  • Alerstam, T., Rosén, M., Bäckman, J., Ericson, P. G. P. & Hellgren, O. (2007) "Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects" PLoS Biology 5(8), Protocol S1 (Larus argentatus, mean equivalent airspeed 12.8 m/s, 18 tracks)
  • Wikipedia, "California gull", wingspan 122 to 137 cm (48 to 54 in); retrieved 24 September 2026, a general reference entered on a dial
  • Loftin, L. K. (1985) Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft, NASA SP-468 (the B-29 Superfortress: span 141 ft 3 in)
  • SMPTE 7-2004 / Kodak, "16 mm motion-picture film" (camera aperture 10.26 × 7.49 mm, 40 frames per foot)
  • NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, "Solar Calculator" and its published equations (the solar position used on the bench)
  • NOAA NCEI, Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) v2.2, station USM00072575 Ogden, Utah, ascents of 2 July 1952 at 15 and 21 UTC; retrieved 24 September 2026
  • Fofonoff, N. P. & Millard, R. C. Jr (1983) Algorithms for Computation of Fundamental Properties of Seawater, UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science 44 (EOS-80), as transcribed in the python-seawater package with its check values
  • Preisendorfer, R. W. (1986) Eyeball Optics of Natural Waters: Secchi Disk Science, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL PMEL-67 (the contrast reduction formula, the inherent contrast, the still-surface factor, the direct ocle)
  • Jerlov, N. G. (1976) Marine Optics, Elsevier, Table XXVII (downward diffuse attenuation by water type), as shipped with provenance in Ishibashi, T., jerlov v0.2.2 (Zenodo, doi 10.5281/zenodo.22690259)
  • Solonenko, M. G. & Mobley, C. D. (2015) "Inherent optical properties of Jerlov water types" Applied Optics 54(17), Tables 3 to 8 (absorption and scattering by water type), via the same package, which flags the suspect scattering of types I and IA
  • Quan, X. & Fry, E. S. (1995) "Empirical equation for the index of refraction of seawater" Applied Optics 34(18), the ten-coefficient equation as printed in the Ocean Optics Web Book
  • Lamb, H. (1932) Hydrodynamics, 6th ed., Cambridge University Press, §114 (the added-mass factors of a prolate spheroid), as given by Imlay, F. H. (1961) The Complete Expressions for "Added Mass" of a Rigid Body Moving in an Ideal Fluid, DTMB Report 1528, and implemented in Grande, D. et al. (2021) "Open-source Simulation of Underwater Gliders", Oceans 2021
  • NOAA National Data Buoy Center, standard meteorological files 46025h2002 (Santa Monica Basin), 46054h2002 (West Santa Barbara) and 46047h2002 (Tanner Banks); retrieved 26 September 2026
  • NOAA NCEI, World Ocean Atlas 2023, decadal average, October, 1° grid, temperature and salinity in the cell centred 32.5°N 119.5°W; retrieved 26 September 2026
  • CalCOFI, CalCOFI Database 194903-202105 (csv, 16 October 2023), Cast and Bottle tables, cruise 0211 casts 30088, 30087, 30073 and 30071
  • Argo Program, "How do floats work" (argo.ucsd.edu); Wikipedia, "Typhoon-class submarine", "Ohio-class submarine", "Steel", "Aluminium", "Added mass" and "Visibility"; retrieved 26 September 2026, general references entered on dials or beside the ledger
  • Grimes, D. R. (2016) "On the Viability of Conspiratorial Beliefs" PLoS ONE 11(1): e0147905 (the model, Eqs. 1 to 8, Table 1 and Table 4)
  • Grimes, D. R. (2016) "Correction: On the Viability of Conspiratorial Beliefs" PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151003 (the integral form for a changing number of people)
  • Cates, J. E. & Sturtevant, B. (2002) "Seismic detection of sonic booms" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 111(1), 614 to 628 (the cutoff, the coupling, the SR-71 pass, the 1991 and 1992 booms and the three reads of them)
  • Carlson, H. W. (1978) Simplified Sonic-Boom Prediction, NASA Technical Paper 1122 (eqs. 1 and 2, the atmospheric factors, sample problems 1 and 2)
  • Caltech Seismological Laboratory, SCEDC FDSN station web service, network CI, stations operating on 9 December 1993 and 30 January 1992; retrieved 30 September 2026
  • Natural Earth, 10 m coastline, state and province lines and country boundary lines (public domain), clipped to Southern California; retrieved 30 September 2026
  • Everitt, C. W. F. et al. (2011) "Gravity Probe B: Final Results of a Space Experiment to Test General Relativity" Physical Review Letters 106, 221101 (the geodetic and frame-dragging drift rates, the four gyroscopes, the 642 km polar orbit)
  • Ciufolini, I. & Pavlis, E. C. (2004) "A confirmation of the general relativistic prediction of the Lense-Thirring effect" Nature 431, 958 to 960 (99 ± 5 percent of the prediction from LAGEOS and LAGEOS 2)
  • Tajmar, M., Plesescu, F., Seifert, B., Schnitzer, R. & Vasiljevich, I. (2007) "Search for Frame-Dragging-Like Signals Close to Spinning Superconductors" arXiv:0707.3806 (eqs. 4 and 5, the classical field of a ring and a shell; the rings; the reported coupling factors and the Gravity Probe B upper limit)
  • Tipler, F. J. (1974) "Rotating cylinders and the possibility of global causality violation" Physical Review D 9, 2203 (the abstract: the infinite van Stockum cylinder and the finite suggestion)
  • Hawking, S. W. (1992) "Chronology protection conjecture" Physical Review D 46, 603 to 611 (the abstract: the averaged weak energy condition on a compactly generated Cauchy horizon)
  • Lobo, F. S. N. (2007) "Exotic solutions in General Relativity: Traversable wormholes and 'warp drive' spacetimes" arXiv:0710.4474, section IV.A.1 (the van Stockum interior metric and the exterior condition ωR > 1/2); Dutta, A., Roy, D. & Chakraborty, S. (2022) arXiv:2208.14768 (the same condition stated)
  • Hoffleit, D. & Warren, W. H. Jr. (1991) The Bright Star Catalogue, 5th revised edition, Astronomical Data Center (CDS V/50): J2000 positions and V magnitudes of the stars the Lubbock bench draws (V ≤ 2.5)
  • U.S. Naval Observatory, Astronomical Applications API, phases of the Moon, August to September 1951 (Last Quarter 24 August, New Moon 1 September; UT), retrieved 2 October 2026, for the Lubbock bench; and May and September 2009 (Full Moon 9 May 04:01, Last Quarter 12 September 02:16; UT), retrieved 10 October 2026, the full Moon of the text's night that The Silent Hover Bench lights its yard by
  • Jacobs, B. (1989) "Deliberate Deception: The Big Sur UFO Filming" MUFON UFO Journal 249, pp. 3 to 8 (the telescope, the site, the dates, what he saw on the screen); and his undated rejoinder to Klass (NICAP), with Mansmann's letters of 30 January 1983 and 8 March 1983 as it prints them
  • Mansmann, F. J. (1987) letter to T. Scott Crain Jr., 6 May 1987, two pages (NICAP's page images): the four screenings, "saucer-shaped. (Dome? Don't remember.)", the film released over the Chief Scientist's signature
  • Crain, T. S. Jr. (1988) "UFO Filmed Circling Atlas Rocket" MUFON UFO Journal 245 (the FOIA answers of 10 and 27 March 1987)
  • George, K. A. (1993) "The Big Sur 'UFO': An Identified Flying Object" Skeptical Inquirer 17(2), pp. 180 to 187 (the warhead at two to three scan lines, the sequence on the monitor, the decoys and the packing); George, K. A. (2009) "'Buzzing Bee' Missile Mythology Flies Again" Skeptical Inquirer 33(1), pp. 42 to 46 (875 lines at 30 frames per second, 720 in, the tank's 24 lines falling to one, the two launches and their skies)
  • Encyclopedia Astronautica, "Vandenberg" launch log (Atlas D from 576A1 on 15 September 1964 at 15:27 GMT and from 576A3 on 22 September 1964 at 13:10 GMT); retrieved 2 October 2026
  • National Air and Space Museum, Missile, Reentry Vehicle, Mark 4 (A19660029000): 10 ft 8 in by 4 ft; Toshiba 5820 image orthicon datasheet (a 1.6 in diagonal field at 4 by 3); Johnson's criteria as Wikipedia's "Johnson's criteria" tabulates them (1.0, 1.4, 4 and 6.4 line pairs); Wikipedia "SM-65D Atlas", "Vandenberg Launch Complex 576A", "Kwajalein Atoll", "35 mm movie film", "Daylight saving time in the United States"; OpenStreetMap node 358800763 (Anderson Peak) with the USGS 3DEP elevation at it; all read 2 October 2026
  • Pais, S. C. (2019) "High Frequency Gravitational Wave Generator" US Patent 10,322,827 B2, filed 14 February 2017, granted 18 June 2019, assignee the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy (10³³ W/m², 10¹⁰ T, 10¹⁰ W, 10³⁵ gravitons a second, Equations 1 to 4, the JASON report cited and disputed)
  • Pais, S. C. (2018) "Craft Using an Inertial Mass Reduction Device" US Patent 10,144,532 B2, filed 28 April 2016, granted 4 December 2018 (Equation 1 and its two examples: 50,000 C/m², 2 m, 30,000 RPM; 1 C/m² at 10¹¹ Hz)
  • Eardley, D. et al. (2008) High Frequency Gravitational Waves, JSR-08-506, JASON, The MITRE Corporation, for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (the conclusions; Equations (3-13) to (3-15), (3-24) and (3-25); the 10³⁸ W for propulsion)
  • Abbott, B. P. et al. (2016) "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger" Physical Review Letters 116, 061102 (the peak strain 1.0 × 10⁻²¹, 35 to 250 Hz, 410 Mpc, the peak luminosity); Abbott, B. P. et al. (2016) "GW150914: The Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of First Discoveries" Physical Review Letters 116, 131103 (10⁻²³/√Hz at 100 Hz)
  • Abbott, B. P. et al. (2017) "All-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the O1 LIGO data" Physical Review D 96, 062002 (the all-sky upper limits); Abbott, B. P. et al. (2017) "First Search for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars with Advanced LIGO" The Astrophysical Journal 839, 12 (Equations (4) and (5), the rotating body's strain)
  • Aasi, J. et al. (2015) "Advanced LIGO" Classical and Quantum Gravity 32, 074001 (the 4 km arms, the band); Barsotti, L., Fritschel, P., Evans, M. & Gras, S. (2018) "Updated Advanced LIGO sensitivity design curve" LIGO-T1800044-v5 (aLIGODesign.txt, 5 to 5,000 Hz)
  • Sathyaprakash, B. S. & Schutz, B. F. (2009) "Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology with Gravitational Waves" Living Reviews in Relativity 12, 2, section 2.6 (the Isaacson flux and the order-of-magnitude amplitude of a wave)
  • Hahn, S. et al. (2019) "45.5-tesla direct-current magnetic field generated with a high-temperature superconducting magnet" Nature 570, 496 to 499; Nakamura, D. et al. (2018) "Record indoor magnetic field of 1200 T generated by electromagnetic flux-compression" Review of Scientific Instruments 89, 095106; Yoon, J. W. et al. (2021) "Realization of laser intensity over 10²³ W/cm²" Optica 8, 630
  • Kaspi, V. M. & Beloborodov, A. M. (2017) "Magnetars" Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 55 (the spin-down fields); Olausen, S. A. & Kaspi, V. M. (2014) The McGill Magnetar Catalog, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement 212, 6 (surface dipole fields of 0.061 to 20 × 10¹⁴ G)
  • Yu, M.-F., Lourie, O., Dyer, M. J., Moloni, K., Kelly, T. F. & Ruoff, R. S. (2000) "Strength and Breaking Mechanism of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Under Tensile Load" Science 287, 637 to 640 (11 to 63 GPa on 19 nanotubes, a modulus of 270 to 950 GPa); Peng, B. et al. (2008) "Measurements of near-ultimate strength for multiwalled carbon nanotubes and irradiation-induced crosslinking improvements" Nature Nanotechnology 3, 626 to 631 (a mean fracture strength above 100 GPa); Bai, Y. et al. (2018) "Carbon nanotube bundles with tensile strength over 80 GPa" Nature Nanotechnology 13, 589 to 595; Lee, C., Wei, X., Kysar, J. W. & Hone, J. (2008) "Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene" Science 321, 385 to 388 (130 GPa, 1.0 TPa)
  • Kamyab, I., Chakrabarti, S. & Williams, J. G. (1998) "Cutting cheese with wire" Journal of Materials Science 33, 2763 to 2770 (the cutting force against wire diameter as a fracture term and a plastic term); Goh, S. M., Charalambides, M. N. & Williams, J. G. (2005) "On the mechanics of wire cutting of cheese" Engineering Fracture Mechanics 72, 931 to 946 (cited by title)
  • Zhu, Q., Zhang, P., Peng, X., Yan, L. & Li, G. (2021) "Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior and Fracture Toughness of EH36 TMCP Steel" Materials 14, 6621 (J = 926 kJ/m², K = 464 MPa·m^1/2, 424 and 537 MPa); Kim, D. K., Kim, H. B., Zhang, X., Li, C. G. & Paik, J. K. (2014) "Ultimate strength performance of tankers associated with industry corrosion addition practices" International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering 6, 507 to 528 (a Panamax tanker's particulars, net scantlings, frame spacing and corrosion additions)
  • Lamb, H. (1932) Hydrodynamics, 6th ed., Cambridge University Press (Dover, 1945), Art. 343, eq. (15) (the resistance per unit length of a cylinder in slow flow, with its own check values at ka = 1/10 and 1/20)
  • Copernicus DEM GLO-30 (2010 to 2018) tile N09_00_W080_00, AWS Open Data, © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018, provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA (the Culebra Cut's relief in the Flying Blade bench's 3D view)
  • International Association of Classification Societies (2025) Unified Requirement W11, Rev. 10, Table 6 "Mechanical properties for normal strength steels" and Table 7 (grades A to E at 235 N/mm² yield and 400 to 520 N/mm² tensile; the 36 grades at 355 and 490 to 630)
  • Gordon, J. IV, Wilson, P. A., Grossman, J., Deamon, D., Edwards, M., Lenhardt, D., Norton, D. & Sollfrey, W. (2005) Assessment of Navy Heavy-Lift Aircraft Options, RAND DB-472 (the p. 39 chart "Rotor Downwash, Calculated Mean Velocity at Max VTOL Gross Weight", graph courtesy of Dr Michael Scully, US Army AMCOM: the downwash chart The Silent Hover Bench reads)
  • Ramasamy, M., Potsdam, M. & Yamauchi, G. K. (2015) "Measurements to Understand the Flow Mechanisms Contributing to Tandem-Rotor Outwash" AHS 71st Annual Forum, Virginia Beach (the measured outwash peaks of 95, 100 and 90 kt and the toppled canvas tents The Silent Hover Bench quotes)
  • Marte, J. E. & Kurtz, D. W. (1970) A Review of Aerodynamic Noise From Propellers, Rotors, and Lift Fans, JPL Technical Report 32-1462, NASA CR-107568 (that low disc loading rotorcraft "may indeed represent the quietest present-generation aircraft with VTOL capability", the sentence The Silent Hover Bench cites)
  • Sree, D. (2015) Near-Field Acoustic Power Level Analysis of F31/A31 Open Rotor Model at Simulated Cruise Conditions, Technical Report II, NASA/CR-2015-218845 (the definition of acoustic efficiency, and the open rotor's "below about 2.7 percent" that tops The Silent Hover Bench's efficiency dial)
  • USDA Forest Service, "Sound Measurements of Helicopters During Logging Operations", Results (the FAA's 1984 BV-234 flyover at 87 to 89 dBA at 492 ft as the page reports it, the K-MAX and the Mi-8: the levels The Silent Hover Bench's sound budget is set from); FAA Advisory Circular 36-1H (2001) Noise Levels for U.S. Certificated and Foreign Aircraft, the certification list that page cites; retrieved 9 October 2026
  • NOAA National Hurricane Center, "Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale" (the five categories by maximum sustained wind, in mph, kt and km/h, that The Silent Hover Bench reads its ground wind against); retrieved 9 October 2026
  • U.S. Air Force, "B-2 Spirit" fact sheet (weight 72,575 kg, maximum takeoff weight 152,634 kg), as the Wayback Machine holds it on 24 September 2026: the weight behind The Silent Hover Bench's default mass; retrieved 9 October 2026
  • Akeson, R. et al. (2021) "Precision Millimeter Astrometry of the α Centauri AB System" The Astronomical Journal 162, 14
  • Kervella, P., Thévenin, F. & Lovis, C. (2017) "Proxima's orbit around α Centauri" Astronomy & Astrophysics 598, L7
  • Wiegert, P. A. & Holman, M. J. (1997) "The Stability of Planets in the Alpha Centauri System" The Astronomical Journal 113, 1445
  • Anglada-Escudé, G. et al. (2016) "A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri" Nature 536, 437
08

Hearings, official statements and analyses

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